WEBMay 24, 2024 · The two-by-two projection matrix projects a vector onto a specified vector in the \(x\)-\(y\) plane. Let \(\mathbf{u}\) be a unit vector in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). The projection of an arbitrary vector \(\mathbf{x} = \langle x_1, x_2\rangle\) onto the vector \(\mathbf{u} = \langle u_1, u_2\rangle\) is determined from